Plastic surgery & cosmetic surgery is that reconstructive surgery that is a man made function which is never natural. The two most common forms of Plastic Surgery is reconstruction and cosmetic, where reconstruction is a condition where fixing body parts that have been damaged, while cosmetic surgery is changing size, shape, colour of without fixing any damage. An example of reconstructive plastic surgery is fixing a part of the body that has been burned. An example of cosmetic plastic surgery is a surgery called a "Face-Lift" that is pulling the skin of the face tight so that someone looks much younger than their actual age. Some plastic surgeries can change both. Work can be done on someone's bones, cartilage, muscles, fat, and skin. Reconstructive surgery techniques were being carried out in India by 2000 BC. Sushruta is considered the father of surgery, made important contributions to the field of plastic and cataract surgery in 6th century BC. The Sushruta Samhita is a Sanskrit text on all of the major concepts of ayurvedic medicine with innovative chapters on surgery, attributed to Sushruta. Sometimes referred as “Father of Surgery". It was written in the mid-late 1st millennium BC. The Sushruta Samhita contains 184 chapters and description of 1120 illnesses, 700 medicinal plants, a detailed study on Anatomy, 64 preparations from mineral sources and 57 preparations based on animal sources. In plastic surgery, the transfer of skin tissue, that is termed as skin grafting is a very common procedure. Skin grafts can be taken from the willing recipient or donors. Usually, good results are expected from plastic surgery that emphasizes careful planning of incisions so that they fall in the line of natural skin folds or lines, appropriate choice of wound closure, use of best available suture materials, so that the wound is held closely by buried sutures. Reconstructive plastic surgery is usually performed to improve function, but it may be done to correct a normal appearance of the individual. The most common reconstructive procedures are tumor removal, laceration repair, scar repair, hand surgery, and breast reduction. Cosmetic surgery involves techniques intended for the "enhancement" of appearance through surgical and medical techniques, and is specifically concerned with maintaining normal appearance, restoring, or enhancing it beyond the average level toward some aesthetic ideal. |